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Abstract :
[en] Two songs (Happy Birthday and a chosen romantic melody) were performed by 50 trained singers aged from 19 to 66 years old (on average: 36.94). These 38 women and 12 men began their musical education between 6 and 49 years old (on average: 20.18) and have a musical background of 5 to 51 years (on average: 19.86). They practice 13.68 hours per week, on average. After the production of two glissandi, the participants were asked to sing the French version of the popular tune “Happy Birthday”, without a compulsory tonality, two times. For the first time they were instructed to sing "naturally" (sequence a) and then to sing with an operatic singing technique "like on stage" (sequence b). Each participant chose a romantic melody from their musical repertory and sang this melody three times: "naturally" (sequence c), with an operatic singing technique (sequence d) and with closed mouth "humming" (sequence e). The performance order was similar for each trained singer (sequence a, e, c, d, b).